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how to pass new ccna. Anti-virus/anti-phishing: Multi-layer virus defenses (e.g., two-pronged mail gateway and end-user desktop virus defenses) minimize the threat of phishing and other social engineering attacks.13.2 Types of Attacks 473 Change management: a documented change management process is more secure than an ad hoc process, which is more likely to be exploited by attackers claiming to be at risk. Information classification: A system for classifying information is supposed to clearly describe what information is sensitive and how it is marked and handled. Document disposal and destruction: Sensitive documents and media that are (no longer) in use must be properly disposed of and not discarded with ordinary office trash. Physical security: The unit should deploy effective physical security controls, such as establishing visitor registration measures, office escort provisions, and background check measures.13.2.3 Elevation of Privilege Attacks........ Elevation of privilege is both an attack and a vulnerability. Elevation of privilege is the process of first getting a certain level of access (whether authorized or not) and then seizing a higher level of access (elevated user privileges). Let's say an attacker first gets access to a firewall, router, or server for a regular user, and then gains access to an administrator through a brute-force attack.13.2.4 Backdoor... Words; when a threat maker gains access to a system, he or she generally hopes to continue accessing it in the future andi vm L Fung Point and also to make that system a little easier to access in the future. By installing a backdoor application on a system, an attacker can both accomplish the goal of continued access in the future and also gather information to launch further attacks. Many backdoors are installed after the user has clicked on something, and the user is simply unaware that the link they clicked on or the file they opened could be a threat. Viruses, worms, or malware can also install backdoors into a system.13.2.5 Code ExecutionAfter gaining access to the system, the threat maker can also perform a variety of actions. The exact actions performed depend on the level of access the threat maker has or can achieve, and the privileges of the account compromised by the attacker. Running code on a device is one of the most destructive operations an attacker can perform. This operation can negatively impact the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of a system or network.13.2.6 Man-in-the-Middle Attacks