ccna 200-301 network simulator tools plus inc

ccna 200-301 network simulator tools plus inc.35The three handshakes address not only the serial number problem, but also other issues including window size, MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit), and the desired network delay.4. Sliding WindowsIn most reliable, connection-oriented data transmissions, data packets must be transmitted to the receiver in the same order as they were sent. Any data packets that are lost, corrupted, duplicated, or received out of order will cause the protocol to go wrong. The most basic solution is to have the receiver acknowledge each data segment after it is received.As shown in Figure 2-4-9, throughput is low if the sender waits for an acknowledgment after sending each data segment, so most connection-oriented, reliable protocols allow multiple data segments to be sent at once. Because the sender has a period of time between sending a data segment and processing the received acknowledgment, this interval can be used to transmit more data. The window does allow the sender to send a number of data packets without receiving an acknowledgment.TCP uses expecting acknowledgements, i.e., the acknowledgement number is the next byte expected to be received. A sliding window is one in which the window size is dynamically negotiated during a TCP session. A sliding window is a flow control mechanism that allows the source device to receive an acknowledgement after sending a certain amount of data to the destination device.Suppose the window size is 3, as shown in Figure 2.4"0. The source device can send 3 bytes to the destination device, and then needs to wait for an acknowledgement. After the destination device receives the 3 bytes, it returns an acknowledgement to the source device, and then the source device can continue to transmit the next 3 bytes. If the destinationSenderThe device in Figure 2-4-10 does not receive these 3 bytes, it does not return an acknowledgement, and the source device does not receive an acknowledgement, it knows that these bytes need to be retransmitted. 5. The acknowledgement mechanism grants the recipientSend